NEW COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND PROCESSES FOR CHEMICAL, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES OF WATER PURIFICATION

In traditional methods of water purification, the use chemical reagents leads to appearance toxic by-products and wastes that require complex energy-consumption processing technologies. accordance with principles sustainable development “green” technologies, a significant revision existing treatment is required. The review highlights main trends innovative purification disinfection Modifications agents (flocculants, sorbents, membranes) by integration nanoparticles, environmentally compatible materials “smart” composites into structures are described. composite nanoparticles promising, particularly particles “magnetic core – shell” structure, in which functional elements attached surface, provide selective capture contaminants, including pathogenic microorganisms. existence magnetic makes it possible manipulate applied field, important for their complete extraction from upon completion functions. new flocculants containing inorganic organic components capable ensuring highly effective contaminants water, significantly reduces volumes generated sludges therefore allows reduce cost harm disposal environment. New carbon nanostructures natural polymers have an role play. generation membranes, disperse may antibacterial photocatalytic properties, resulting high efficiency purification. A novel trend hybrid coagulants membranes properties regulated external stimulus, temperature, pH, light, electric, electromagnetic fields. such «smart» will increase efficiency, energy consumption waste volumes, due decrease fouling. biopolymers based on plant raw attractive decontamination under influence environment, as air, soil micro-organisms sunlight, but also absence secondary pollution. Among technologies Advanced Oxidation Processes play role, particular, involving fields ultrasonic activation. By these methods, harmful impurities pathogens destroyed without intensive chemicals or production by-products. biochemical wastewater microalgae growing system can become promising waste-free, cost-effective "green" technology.